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Letzte Aktualisierung: Sam, 29. Sept 2001
Civil Society and ENMOD in 2001 and
ENMOD Documents
To date, ENMOD has been ratified nearly seventy countries, including major powers such as Russia and the United States. Relatively few Southern states have ratified the treaty. Two Review Conferences have been held, in 1984 and 1992.

In late 2000, the Sunshine Project began research on ENMOD as a possible "new" tool to prevent the use of weapons of mass destruction, particularly biological and toxin agents. In May 2001, the Sunshine Project joined the Edmonds Institute, Third World Network, and the Transnational Institute to co-sponsor a small conference in Amsterdam to assess ENMOD's viability as tool for a diverse group of non-governmental organizations to promote peace, protect the environment, and prevent the hostile use of biological and chemical technologies.

The Sunshine Project prepared a background paper on ENMOD for the Amsterdam meeting. Discussants at the meeting concluded that ENMOD's potential for civil society is significant and established a programme of research to fill knowledge gaps and to articulate the pieces to enable non-governmental organizations to conduct sound and effective advocacy on ENMOD.

ENMOD Documents

Analysis
Post-Cold War Conflict and the Environment
The ENMOD Convention and Related Agreements on Hostile Modification of the Environment.
An April 2001 Occasional Paper of the Edmonds Insitute authored by the Sunshine Project's Susana Pimiento and Edward Hammond

Convention Text
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD)

List of Parties
ENMOD Parties (and Signatories) as of May 2001 (Source: UN)


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